Sorotan Literatur Sistematik: Indikator Usahawan Berjaya Menurut Perspektif Islam
Systematic Literature Review: Successful Entrepreneur Indicator Through Islam Perspectives
Keywords:
Indikator, Kriteria, Usahawan, Berjaya, Perspektif IslamAbstract
Keusahawanan Islam mempunyai garis panduan yang tersendiri bagi menjelaskan indikator usahawan berjaya. Keusahawanan Islam juga merangkumi aspek rabbani dan insani iaitu tugas serta tanggungjawab seorang hamba dan seorang khalifah atau memenuhi tuntutan hablumminalAllah dan hablumminannas iaitu hubungan hamba dengan pencipta dan hubungan manusia sesama manusia. Wujud perbezaan yang signifikan antara perspektif Islam dan Barat dalam menjelaskan indikator usahawan berjaya. Namun begitu, perbezaan yang wujud tidak begitu ketara malah perspektif barat dan perspektif Islam boleh dimanfaatkan bagi membentuk simbiotik indikator yang holistik. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji idikator usahawan berjaya menurut perspektif Islam. Pengkaji menggunakan metodologi sorotan literatur sistematik (Systematic Literature Review) iaitu sebuah kaedah yang memfokuskan kepada kehendak kajian. Metodologi ini mempunyai tiga peringkat untuk memilih artikel yang bersesuaian dengan kajian iaitu, pengenalpastian (identification), saringan (screening) dan kelayakkan (eligibility). Dapatan kajian memperolehi tujuh artikel yang membincangkan indikator usahawan berjaya menurut perspektif Islam. Berdasarkan tujuh artikel yang dianalisis, terdapat tiga elemen untuk indikator usahawan berjaya iaitu; amalan agama, pengamalan nilai-nilai agama dan pengurusan perniagaan. Elemen ini membantu meningkatkan keyakinan serta membentuk keperibadian usahawan berjaya. Justeru itu, kajian ini diharapkan dapat mengembangkan kajian yang berkaitan bidang keusahawanan terutamanya masyarakat muslim.
Islamic entrepreneurship has its guidelines to determine the criteria of successful entrepreneurs. Islamic entrepreneurship consists of aspects rabbani and insani besides the duties and responsibilities of Muslim as a servant and a caliph. Furthermore, Muslims are obligated to fulfill hablummin Allah and hablummin al-nas which means establishing good relationships among humans and good devotion with the creator, Allah The Almighty. There are significant differences between Islamic and Western perspectives in defining the criteria of successful entrepreneurs. However, the differences that exist are not too significant that even western perspectives and Islamic perspectives can be utilized to form a symbiotic holistic criterion. This study aims to examine the indicators of successful entrepreneurs according to the Islamic perspective. The researcher utilizes the Systematic Literature Review methodology which is a method that focuses on the needs of the study based on previous studies review. This methodology has three stages to select articles that are suitable for the study, namely, identification, screening, and eligibility. The findings of the study obtained seven articles that discuss the indicators of successful entrepreneurs according to the Islamic perspective. The seven articles studied discussed the elements of religious practice, the practice of religious values ??, and business management. These elements help increase confidence, strengthen tenacity as well as form the personality traits of successful entrepreneurs. Therefore, this study is expected to contribute to the field of entrepreneurship research, especially in empowering entrepreneurship among Muslims.
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