Rantaian Sanad Al-Kutub Al-Sittah Ilmuwan Al-Azhar Sheikh Salih Al-Ja‘Fari (1338h-1399h): Tumpuan Kitab Al-Jawahir Al-Ghawali Min Asanid Al-Imam Al-Azhari

The Sanad Continuum of Al-Kutub Al-Sittah of Al-Azhar Scholar Sheikh Salih Al-Ja‘Fari (1338h-1399h): Focusing on The Book of Al-Jawahir Al-Ghawali Min Asanid Al-Imam Al-Azhari

Abstract

Universiti al-Azhar merupakan institusi ulung yang melahirkan puluhan ribu ilmuwan besar dunia Islam selari dengan  usia penubuhannya yang mencapai 1052 tahun iaitu sejak ia mula diasaskan pada tahun 970M. Sepanjang sepuluh abad ilmuwan al-Azhar  terbukti menjadi komuniti intelektual yang efektif dan berjasa terutamanya dalam bidang kepakaran pengajian Islam termasuk ilmu Hadis. Terdapat lapan aspek sumbangan ilmuwan al-Azhar dalam memajukan ilmu pengajian hadis. Salah satunya adalah konsisten menggerakkan kegiatan pembacaan dan pendengaran hadis secara berkesinambangan sanad serta prihatin dalam meneruskan tradisi pengamalan ijazah hadis. Komitmen ini membawa dampak kesinambungan ilmu hadis komuniti al-Azhar terhubung sampai kepada Rasulullah s.a.w dalam rantaian sanad berteraskan kitab-kitab turath hadis muktabar serta dicatatkan secara sistematik dalam karya kategori thabat. Namun rantaian sanad ilmuwan al-Azhar jarang didedahkan secara terperinci terutama yang melibatkan sentuhan nusantara. Justeru makalah ini bertujuan untuk mendedahkan rantaian sanad al-kutub  al-sittah salah seorang ilmuwan al-Azhar yang terkenal di Malaysia iaitu Sheikh Salih al-Ja‘fari. Makalah memfokuskan pengumpulan data secara analisa dokumen terutama terhadap kitab thabat tokoh berjudul al-Jawahir al-Ghawali min Asanid al-Imam al-Azhari. Kitab ini diselenggara dan disusun oleh ilmuwan al-Azhar Malaysia  iaitu Sheikh Muhammad Fuad bin Kamaluddin al-Rembauwi. Dapatan dihurai secara deskriptif. Penemuan menunjukkan rantaian sanad tokoh bersambung sehingga sampai kepada enam pengarang kutub sittah menerusi lima orang guru utama. Setiap guru memiliki karya thabat  masing-masing. Tiga daripadanya merupakan tenaga pengajar Universiti al-Azhar. Metode persambungan rantaian adalah al-ijazah dan talaqqi hadis yang menepati disiplin al-tahammul wa al-ada’. Implikasi daripada penemuan ini adalah kendati ilmuwan al-Azhar mendepani pelbagai asakan komodenan pendidikan arus perdana sepanjang ribuan tahun tetapi mereka tekal konsisten memelihara ketulenan manhaj pewarisan rantaian sanad ilmu yang paras tertinggi sandaran kembali termeterai dengan sumber mutlak ilmu iaitu Rasulullah s.a.w.

Al-Azhar University is a leading institution that has produced thousands of great Muslim scholars since its’ establishment 1052 years ago when it was first founded in 970 AD. Throughout the ten centuries, al-Azhar scholars has proved to be an effective and meritorious intellectual community especially in the field of expertise in Islamic studies including Hadith. There are eight aspects of the contribution of al-Azhar scholars in advancing the hadith studies. One of them is to consistently mobilize the activities of reading and listening to hadith in a continuous chain of transmission as well as being concerned in continuing the tradition of practicing ijazah hadith. The impact of such commitment is the continuation of the hadith knowledge amongst the al-Azhar community connected to the Prophet s.a.w in the chain of sanad based on the books of turath of hadith muktabar and recorded systematically reaching the thabat category. However, the chain of sanad of al-Azhar scholars is rarely revealed in detail, especially those involving the Malay archipelago. Thus this paper aims to reveal the chain of sanad al-kutub al-sittah of one of the famous al-Azhar scholars in Malaysia, namely Sheikh Salih al-Ja‘fari. This paper focuses on the collection of data through document analysis, especially on the book of thabat of a character called al-Jawahir al-Ghawali min Asanid al-Imam al-Azhari. This book was maintained and compiled by al-Azhar Malaysian scholar Sheikh Muhammad Fuad bin Kamaluddin al-Rembauwi. Findings are described descriptively. The findings show a chain of connected figures up to six authors of the al-kutub sittah through five main teachers. Each teacher has their own thabat work. Three of them are al-Azhar University academic staff. The method of connecting the chain is al-ijazah and talaqqi which conforms to the discipline of al-tahammul wa al-ada'. The implication of this discovery is that even though al-Azhar scholars have faced various modernization over the mainstream education for thousands of years, they have remained consistent in preserving the authenticity of the manhaj of the inheritance of chain of knowledge whose highest level of backup is sealed with the absolute source of knowledge which is Rasulullah s.a.w.