Sejarah Kejururawatan dari Perspektif Islam: Satu Kajian Perpustakan
History of Nursing from an Islamic Perspective: A Library Study
Keywords:
nurses, Islam, history, Rufaidah, healthAbstract
Kerjaya kejururawatan adalah kerjaya yang mulia yang diibaratkan sebagai nadi dalam dunia perubatan. Tanpa kewujudan dan peranan jururawat di dunia, khususnya di hospital, maka lumpuhlah sistem kesihatan. Sejarah kejururawatan banyak dipengaruhi oleh falsafah Barat dan amat sukar dilihat roh Islam dalam aspek berkenaan. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini akan mengisi kelompongan tersebut dengan penerokaan elemen kejururawatan dalam sejarah Islam. Kajian perpustakaan digunakan bagi mendapatkan informasi dengan pendekatan analisa kandungan secara deskriptif, analitik dan tematik. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa elemen kejururawatan seperti membantu aktiviti harian pesakit dan mengurangkan kesengsaraan pesakit telah lama diamalkan sejak zaman kenabian lagi, meskipun mereka tidak digelar sebagai jururawat pada masa tersebut. Ramai tokoh kejururawatan Muslim muncul ketika zaman Nabi Muhammad diangkat sebagai Rasul. Rufaidah Saad al-Aslami merupakan tokoh kejururawatan Muslim yang banyak membuat pembaharuan dalam perawatan pesakit sehinggakan dunia Barat turut mengambil inspirasi dan iktibar daripada perjalanan karier beliau. Maka, dapatan kajian ini diharap mampu membuka mata masyarakat bahawa sejarah Islam telah banyak menyumbang dalam evolusi kejururawatan sejak zaman dahulu sehingga zaman moden ini. Dengan penerapan sejarah Islam dalam kejururawatan, jururawat Muslim akan lebih yakin dan menghargai amalan kejururawatan sebagai wasilah mencari redha Allah.
The nursing career is a glorious career that is likened to the lifeblood of the medical world. Without the existence and role of nurses in the world, especially in hospitals, then the health system is paralyzed. The history of nursing is heavily influenced by Western philosophy and it is very difficult to see the spirit of Islam in that aspect. Therefore, the objective of this study will be to fill the void with an exploration of the elements of nursing in Islamic history. Library research is used to obtain information with a descriptive, analytical and thematic content analysis approach. The results of the study found that elements of nursing such as helping patients ’daily activities and reducing patients’ suffering have long been practiced since prophetic times, even though they were not called nurses at the time. Many Muslim nursing figures emerged during the time of the Prophet Muhammad as a Messenger. Rufaidah Saad al-Aslami is a Muslim nursing figure who has made many innovations in patient care so that the Western world has also taken inspiration and lessons from her career journey. Therefore, the findings of this study are expected to open the eyes of society that the history of Islam has contributed a lot in the evolution of nursing from ancient times to modern times. With the application of Islamic history in nursing, Muslim nurses will be more confident and appreciate the practice of nursing as a wasilah to seek the pleasure of Allah.
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